Nutrition affects the teeth and growth of the jaw during development. While malnutrition may exacerbate periodontal and oral infectious diseases, the most significant effect of nutrition is the local action of diet in the mouth, particularly in the development of dental caries and enamel erosion. Dental caries is largely caused by sugars. Dental erosion is associated with dietary acids, a major source of which is soft drinks. A typical soft drink may contain the equivalent of up to 20 teaspoons of sugar. Despite a low mortality rate associated with dental diseases, they have a considerable impact on self-esteem, eating ability, nutrition and health both in childhood and older age. Dental caries occurs due to demineralization of enamel and dentine by organic acids formed by bacteria in dental plaque. This process is due to the anaerobic metabolism of sugars derived from the diet.
When sugars or other fermentable carbohydrates are ingested, the resulting fall in dental plaque pH caused by organic acids increases the solubility of the dental hard tissues and demineralization occurs as calcium is lost. The development of caries requires sugars and bacteria to occur, but is influenced by the susceptibility of the tooth, the bacterial profile, quantity and quality of the saliva, low levels of fluoride, and the time for which fermentable dietary carbohydrates are available for bacterial fermentation (i.e. the frequency of sugar intake).
Foods to Avoid
Sugary snacks, especially gummy candies and hard candies that stick in your teeth, are at the top of every dentist's list of foods to avoid. Regular soda provides a double hit to teeth, combining sugar with acids.
Even foods and drinks that are good for your teeth, like milk, contain sugars. No matter what you eat, it's important to brush and floss afterward — or at least to rinse your mouth with water. Brush twice a day using either a manual or power toothbrush, and remember to visit a dentist at least twice a year for checkups.
